The Eucharist Is The Source And Summit Of The Christian Life

â€Å"The Eucharist is the source and summit of the Christian life.† All Catholics respect and signify the importance and the epic role of the Holy Eucharist in creating and building a strong relationship between God and humankind. The process of growth and development occurs for every human being, but this process is not just about the growth of the mundane body, but the spiritual body as well. A person cannot live more than one week without any food, and so for the spirit, it necessitates the Heavenly meals to continue the process of its growth and development. There are a number of meaning to the word Eucharist, the actual word is taken from a greek word, which means ‘thanksgiving’ and also in Hebrew language the word Eucharist means ‘blessings’. The Holy Eucharist is not only a sacrament, it is a sacrifice, it is Jesus himself present in the form of bread and wine. The Last Supper, which is where the first meal was shared with Jesus, which acts as a foreshadowing story of the Passion of the Christ. The Holy Eucharist is a lso a way to celebrate unity with Jesus, but also as a community which is the body of Christ and Him as the head. It is one of the three initiation sacraments which contain; Baptism, Confirmation and The Holy Communion. The Eucharist has been through several changes throughout history, and those changes were made to retain the strong relationship between God and His followers. The mass, is where we celebrate the Holy Sacrament and also remember theShow MoreRelatedThe Eucharist839 Words   |  4 PagesThe Eucharist (Otherwise known as the Holy Communion or the Blessed Sacrament) is a Catholic sacrament considered to be the apex of Christianity. While some Catholics and different branches of the English Church believe that this bread and wine are transformed into the literal blood and body of Christ, others believe that it is a simple expression of faith. It is considered to be the very essence of love that binds us to the savior; and it is this teaching of love that inspires the Cat holic viewRead MoreRites Of The Catholic Church1354 Words   |  6 PagesCatholic Church is the Eucharist, also known as Holy Communion. The Eucharist is not merely the consumption of bread and wine, but a sacrifice and meal full of symbols, rituals, meaning and community involvement. To gain an understanding of the Eucharist, it is important to first to look at the symbols, how they were started, then to see how the Christian community enter into the mystery of the sacrament and what they believe. Symbols There are many symbols of the Eucharist, bread, wine, water, chaliceRead MoreThe Important Aspects Of The Catholic Church1336 Words   |  6 Pagesanointing of the sick, confirmation and Eucharist. The word mass is described as â€Å"the source and summit of Christian life.† (The Eucharist: The source and summit of the Christian). For centuries the Mass was celebrated almost all in Latin and was only based on local culture for how the mass was said. For the first 280 years of Christian history, Christianity was banned by the Roman Empire and According to Jimmy Adkin’s article he states, â€Å"The Christians were being heavily persecuted for theirRead MoreThe Eucharist Of The Catholic Church883 Words   |  4 PagesThe Eucharist according to Catechism of the Catholic Church The Eucharist is one of the Seven Sacraments of the Catholic faith. For some it is the most important sacrament of the faith. What is the Catechism of the Catholic Church? What does it say about the Eucharist? This is what will be discussed during this paper. To start off the answering the first question, the Catechism is a according to the website uscatholic.org it is a â€Å"compendium of all Catholic doctrine regarding both faith and moralsRead MoreVatican s Views On The Role Of Active Participation1707 Words   |  7 Pagesparticipation. I have seen the effects of these misconceptions my whole life and it has been a struggle to try and lead people to a true understanding of participation. How can we participate is the sacrifice of the mass? How are we able to approach the altar of Christ’s sacrifice? It is through baptism that we able to participate. â€Å"By their share in the common priesthood, all the baptized are empowered to take part in Christian worship.† Saint Paul says that baptism gives us a share in Christ deathRead MoreAssessment Task 1 - Part A. Mysterion1520 Words   |  7 Pagessalvation. Mysterion is all of God’s saving work, it is everything we need for salvation. The seven sacraments as shared with us by Jesus Christ are necessary for reaching salvation. The source and summit of Christian Salvation was the Paschal Mystery, which was made permanent in the Eucharist. It is the greatest source of God’s grace, in which we achieve unity with Christ, which is necessary for salvation. (CCC 774) In less than 100 words, explain the term using words and concepts appropriate to aRead MoreSacraments of Initiation and Rituals in the Catholic Church1329 Words   |  5 Pagestrue Catholic. Others however are received by the Church in later stages of life in childhood or adulthood. The sacrament of Baptism is the first of the seven sacraments of the Catholic Church and marks the beginning of a person’s journey in faith with God. It is one of the three Sacraments of Initiation, which establish the foundations of Christian life. The other Sacraments of Initiation are Confirmation and Eucharist which are originally closely tied together but differ in various places aroundRead MoreReligion And Its Effect On Religion Essay2194 Words   |  9 Pagesthe same as the Eucharist. Happenings during that time become important to every person who believes in the Supreme Being through His Son Jesus Christ. The events surround the time when Jesus sat with his disciples and had the last mea l with them in His human body hence signifying an important event in the life if every believer. The Eucharist, therefore, becomes important in defining the life of a Catholic and the manner in which they need to emulate the life of Christ. Eucharist hence remains asRead MoreImportance Of Practising Christians Who Do Not Think A Lot About The Foundations Of Their Faith1570 Words   |  7 PagesDiscuss the importance of practising Christians who do not think a lot about the foundations of their faith, and tell us about the faith we have in Jesus’ death and resurrection, and why it is important? In this paper I will attempt to answer the following two issues: firstly, the circumstance of practising Christians who do not think a lot about the foundations of their faith; secondly, a discussion about the faith we have in Jesus’ death and resurrection, and why it is important? In exploringRead MoreThe Reformation Of The Holy Trinity1484 Words   |  6 Pagesrelationships within the holy Trinity. It was not used to describe an aspect of church life. The word ‘missio’ in Latin means ‘to send’, it was used to describe the sending of the Son by the Father, and also the sending of the Holy Spirit by the Father and the Son. 1. The Jesuits in Latin American in the late Sixteenth and early Seventeenth centuries started to use the term to describe the spreading of the Christian faith among the heathen of that continent and, subsequently, of the spreading of the

Lord of the Flies, Coral Island and the Role of Adults Free Essays

It is known that to fully appreciate the novel â€Å"Lord of the Flies† (1954) by William Golding (1911-1993) it is necessary to have read Robert Michael Ballantyne’s (1825-1894) â€Å"Coral Island† (1858), or at least to understand its theme and treatment. And so, since it was Golding’s intention to set himself to write an island story that deliberately challenged Ballantyne’s model in â€Å"Coral Island† -by inverting its assumptions and values- we can explore multiple angles from which the two novels can be compared and studied. An item which seems quite interesting when analysing both texts is that one related to civilization and its adult exponents. We will write a custom essay sample on Lord of the Flies, Coral Island and the Role of Adults or any similar topic only for you Order Now After a thorough reading and focusing on very clear and specific elements we happen to notice the differences -as well as some similarities- among the roles and the significance of these adult characters in each novel. We will first refer to Golding’s â€Å"Lord of the Flies†, in which there are various examples of the complexity of the adult figure. But we must first refer to Golding’s own experience at war in order to get a clearer picture of his position towards our central concern. From the first years of his life, he faced the atrocities of war when he took part in the Second World War by joining the British Navy at 1940. The war, as a physical result, changed a lot Golding’s view of life. He could not believe in man’s innocence any longer. He found that even the children are not innocent. No one is innocent. The ideas of W. Golding’s view of human nature can be found in almost any of Golding’s books and particularly, in his first and most famous book, â€Å"Lord of the flies† 1. So, let us now focus on the novel itself. At a moment of uncertainty-anguish the boys beg desperately for a signal from the world of grown-ups: (â€Å"Grown-ups know things† said Piggy. â€Å"They ain’t afraid of the dark. They’d meet and have tea and discuss. Then things ‘ud be all right—† â€Å"They wouldn’t set fire to the island. Or lose—-† â€Å"They’d build a ship—-â€Å" The three boys stood in the darkness, striving unsuccessfully to convey the majesty of adult life. â€Å"They wouldn’t quarrel—-† [†¦] â€Å"If only they could get a message to us,† cried Ralph desperately. â€Å"If only they could send us something grown-up†¦ a sign or something. 2) In the next chapter what they get is a dead body of a man hanging from a parachute, a corpse which gets rotten as the story advances. Is this the adult figure they were waiting for? Or, should the question be: Does this ‘gift’ from air help the m in any way to strengthen their boundaries with civilization? The answer seems to be ‘no’. On the contrary, it makes them panic, slowly driving them mad and irrational. It unleashes violence, leads them to sacrifices and murder, and takes them back to a primitive stage. So up to now the adult figure does not seem to be associated with a positive role. However, there is another character in the novel who also becomes very important as regards our analysis of the adult figure. Finally, when on the last pages, Ralph is lying on the sand, ready to accept the blow which will kill him, and he hears the silence around him, and he looks up †¦ up†¦ , he can first see some emblems of power, some symbols of the grown ups’ world and also of his father authority, and only then he can see a man – a naval officer. This man happens to stop Ralph’s brutal chase just by chance. Grown-ups have been dropping bombs and planes, and it was an atomic war which had made the children’s evacuation necessary in the first place. Who have gone crazy and been having an atomic war but the grown-ups themselves? 3 Again, a new question should be made: Is this a real symbol of salvation? Or, How can an ambassador of an atomic war stand for the pa rental protection or even a mature model to be followed? The naval officer’s ignorance, his lack of understanding of what has been going on, is ironical. Furthermore, what Golding is trying to make clear at this instance is the decadent figure of the human adult, and by extension, of the whole human civilized world. Let us now turn to R. M. Ballantyne’s â€Å"Coral Island†. Here, the concern about civilization, seems to be very well defined as well as good and evil are so clearly separated that there cannot be any conflict between them. 5 In spite of this, when we come to a closer look we find a special complexity within a number of characters. Everything about Ballantyne’s boys, who are older by some years than Golding’s boys, is confident and positive. The novel as a whole, pictures the assumptions and values of the Victorian period in affirming progress, imperialism, self-reliance, the Creator, the goodness of nature and of human nature- when Christianised at least 6 Actually, this is quite an interesting item to focus on. On the one hand there are the dark-skinned people referred to as â€Å"the savages†, who are in fact the native inhabitants from the neighbouring islands. They are a kind of primitive adults, constantly characterised as cruel, uncivilised inferior beings. Their rituals, their form of life, the whole of their culture is described as barbarian and demoniac and Ralph, our young narrator, is deeply horrified at seeing them. They represented a menace to the boys, and they tried to escape from them or to stay in good – but distant- terms with them, so as to keep them away from their coral island. On the other hand there are the pirates, who, paradoxically, are –like the rest of the fair-skinned characters- superior ; their ways are civilised, their clothes being the main symbol of their superiority. What is interesting about these last ones is that they are at first described as representing a dangerous element –as had already been the shark or the very ocean. Nevertheless, as the novel goes on, we are made to think that this wandering adults who travel overseas, robbing ships, conquering all that they found at their pace and kidnapping people, are actually ‘not that bad’. Even the pirates are â€Å"better † than the natives, more intelligent, cleaner, etc. But also, as we reach the end of the novel, we suddenly meet some educated peaceful missionaries who work a miracle when they get to the island the boys are captured in and manage to convert the wild savages into Christians and they embrace our Lord’s Gospel. It must be understood that the priest’s reason for being there is to abolish the beliefs of an entire human group and the pirates are traditionally thought of as being thieves, kidnappers and violent conquerors. But, somehow, this is not the image Ballantyne depicts towards the end of the novel. Given, thus, the complex nature of these beings, a new different question arises. What is the true nature of adults-civilization for Ballantyne? How come that adults like the priest and the pirates can be representatives of good or salvation? Are the adults capable of completely changing their previous evil nature all of a sudden? Obviously, the answer seems to rely on the moral outlook, the Victorian ethos, which bathes the whole novel. The didactic intentions are clear. His intentions are to teach his readers, not only to inform them about the wonders and terrors of the Pacific Islands, but also to make them reflect on the power, goodness, glory of God and make them better people. As a result, by comparing and contrasting both novels from the opposed perspectives of the two authors , we identify the key elements inherent to each one as regards our main topic. Basically, while in Ballantyne’s â€Å"Coral Island† the prevalent view of man was that based on the confidence of the white man 9 in Golding’s â€Å"Lord of the Flies† the thesi s is based on the man’s fallen nature myth, expressing through it his belief in man’s other nature, the dark and guilty nature. 0 Mainly, both Ballantyne and Golding’s perceptions about adulthood and civilization vary not only because of a completely divergent perception on the world -which derives from their personal experiences- but also because of the time when each novel was written and the totally different socio-political scenery in which they were developed. 1 Material obtained from http://www. geocities. com/Athens/Forum/6249/bio. htm 2 â€Å"The Lord of the Flies†, by William Golding (p. 117) Faber and Faber Limited (1954) 3 Notes provided by the teacher on â€Å"The Lord of the Flies† by William Golding. Notes provided by the teacher on â€Å"The Lord of the Flies† by William Golding. 5 Notes provided by the teacher on â€Å"The Lord of the Flies† by William Golding. 6 Notes provided by the teacher on â€Å"Coral Islandâ₠¬  by R. M. Ballantyne. 7 Macmillan Master Guide, The Lord of the Flies, 1986 8 Notes provided by the teacher on â€Å"Coral Island† by R. M. Ballantyne. 9 Notes provided by the teacher on â€Å"Coral Island† by R. M. Ballantyne. 10 Notes provided by the teacher on â€Å"Coral Island† by R. M. Ballantyne. 11Macmillan Master Guide, The Lord of the Flies, 1986 How to cite Lord of the Flies, Coral Island and the Role of Adults, Papers

The framework to apply the effective WBDL Essay Example

The framework to apply the effective WBDL Essay Figure3:TheframeworktoapplytheeffectiveWBDLtotheorganizationsHumanResourceDevelopmentPlan.Table1highlightshowWBTsuchasWBDLanalyzesthelearningimperativesessentialfortheHumanResource.Thefirstlearningimperativeisthediversificationofthelearningportfolio.TheimperativeassertthatHumanResourceinvariousorganizationsmustmaintainthehighleveloftalentsoastomeetthepresentcompetitivechallenges(Tannenbaum,2002).Theexpandedlearningalternativesareessentialbecausetraditionalclassroomtrainingcanmeetalloftheorganizationsrequirements.ThelearningalternativesprovideindividualcustomizationandpersonalizedtrainingsoastoexaminethediverseissuesHumanResourceandorganizationsface.TheWBDListhevaluableflexibleadditiontotheorganizationslearningportfoliothatcanofferacustomizedtrainingexperiencesoastomeetthediverselearningrequirementsoftheemployees.Forinstance,theorganizationmayhavethecompleteportfoliooftheWBDLcourses.Theemployeesmaytakeandaccomplishthecoursethatmeetsaparticularlearningrequirement.Indevelopingthetrainin gstrategy,anAmericanRedCross(ARC)realizedemployeeshavevaryinglearningstylesandrequirements.Forinstance,theARChasvariousemployeeswhoareself-drivenlearnersreadytotakeasuitablelearningresourceandmakethemostoftheirlearningfromthemedia.TheAmericanRedCrossadoptedtheWBDLdesigntomeetthestrategiclearningrequirementswhilepermittinglearnerstoparticipateanddetermineintrainingcoursesthataresuitabletotheirrequirements.Theemployeescandownloadcareerassessmentandotherplanningtoolssoastheycanreadandunderstandthelearningandtrainingopportunitiesrequiredtomeettheorganizationalgoals(RogersBecker,2001).AcceleratingthepaceoflearningisanessentialbenefitderivedfromtheWBDL.Thepresentworkenvironmentneedsanacceleratedpaceofworkerlearning.Learningrequirementsoccurquicklyandoften(Tannenbaum,2002).TheWeb-BasedDistanceLearningapplicationcanbeappliedquicklyandfairly,andoncedeveloped,theapplicationcanreachworkersimmediately.TheflexibilityoftheWBDLcanassistHumanResourcemeettheirlearningrequirementsunderseeminglyimposs ibleissues.ProvisionoftheopportunitiestogrowandlearnisanotheressentialstrategyfortheHumanResource.Competitioncreatestherequirementtomaintainandattracttalentfromvariousworkers.Anessentialactionofcreatingcompetitionistomakecertainthatemployeesbelievetheyhavevariousopportunitiestogrowandlearncontinuously(Tannenbaum,2002).Thepartofofferingtheenvironmentsoastosupportcontinuouslearningandtrainingistomakecertainthatemployeesatalllevelsoftheorganizationcanactivelypursuedevelopmentandtrainingactivities(Noeetal.1997).TheWBDLcanofferaccesstolearningandtrainingopportunitiesalalltheworkersthatcanaccessthecomputerthatisconnectedtotheInternet.TheHumanResourcecanprovideworkersthatdonotperforminofficeswithsharedterminalstolearnandtrainviatheWebapplications.Table1:BenefitsofadoptingWBLsuchasWBDLinmeetingtheorganizationallearningrequirementsEffectiveWBTHumanResourcedesigningtheWBTarerequiredtoconsidertheleanertraitsthatrequirementsindevelopingtheWBTcoursesthatfacilitateandindividualizeratherthanhinder trainingandlearning.ByanalyzingtheHumanResourceapplications,someessentialguidelinesfortheeffectiveWBTdesignmaterialize.HumanResourceissuesintheWBTdevelopmentandimplementationisthefirstguidelinefortheeffectiveWBT.TherapidgrowthofthetechnologysuchastheWBDLindifferentworkplaceshascausedvariouschangesintheworkercommunication.Theimplementationoftheelectroniccommunicationreducesface-to-facecommunication.Also,theimplantationoftheelectroniccommunicationhasreducedtheoverallcommunicationinvariousorganizations.Thelossofthecasualinteractioncandoharmtoanorganizationbecauseinnovativeinformationisoftenasaresultoftheinteraction.Theface-to-facecommunicationisabsentintheWBT.TeoptionofthelearnercontrolisanotheruniqueaspectoftheWBTdesign.Asdiscussedearlier,traditionalclassroomtrainingbarelyofferscontrolfortheinstructor.TheWeblearnerscanmovefreelythroughtrainingandearnandeveninteractwiththeWebsitesoutsideofthelearningcoursethroughtheuseofthehypertext.CollaborativelearningisanothereffectivenessofWBTforth eHumanResource.TheabsenceofthehumaninteractionintheWBTcreatestheconcernwiththeeffectivenessoflearningandtraining.CollaborativelearningisusefulinbuildingtheHumanResourceknowledgeconcerningthelearningmaterials.LearnercontrolisanothereffectivenessoftheWBT,andthelearnercontrolcanbeobservedfromdifferentperspectives.Thelearnercontrolcanbeobservedthroughthesequenceoftraining,contenttheychoose,andthecoursetheyexploreduringthelearningprocess.WBTcanbeevaluatedthroughHumanResourcesatisfactioninperformingtheirskills.RecommendationsWBTshouldbetiedtoparticularbusinessobjectivessinceseveralexamplesoftheapplicationsdesignedtosolveparticularissuessuchasadmittanceofremoteemployeepopulations.Also,theHumanResourceshouldconsidertherequirementandtheopportunityforthecollaborativelearningwhendesigningWBT.HumanResourceshouldcautiouslyevaluatethedesignandleveloflearnercontrolwithintheWBT.Lastly,theHumanResourceshouldevaluatetheirWBTefforts,whetherthroughformativeevaluationortraditionalevaluationefforts.TheWB Tshouldbeanalyzedtoidentifyifitismeetingthegoalsspecifiedintheplanninglevelsofthetraining.ConclusionTheWBThasthecapabilitytohavethesignificantimpactonthefutureoflearning,training,anddevelopmentofskills.However,tomakecertainthatWBTistheworthwhileinvestmentfortheorganization,itisessentialtohavetheimplementationplanthatispurposelytiedtotheorganizationsbusinessapproach.Withcarefulevaluationandplanning,WBThasthecapabilitytosolvevariousHumanResourcechallengesindifferentorganizations.FortheeffectiveuseoftheWBT,HumanResourcemustunderstandhowtomakeuseoftheWBTinthetrainingoftheiremployees.ReferencesKhan,H. (2001).TheFrameworkfortheWeb-BasedLearning.Web-BasedTraining.EJ;EducationalTechnologyPublications.Ladd,B. (1990), TheEarlyCBTremembered:Howwegotherefromthere,InteractiveTechnologies,pp.8-10.Drucker,P. (2000), Thelongview,TrainingandDevelopment,Volume54No.12,pp.27.Berge,Z.L. (1998), TheConceptualFrameworksintheDistanceTrainingandEducation:DistanceTraining:HowInnovativeOrganizationsAreUsingTe chnologytoMaximizeLearningandMeetBusinessObjectives,Jossey-Bass,SanFrancisco.Galagan,P. (2000), E-learningRevolution:TrainingandDevelopment,Volume54No.12.Kosarzycki,M.,Salas,E.,Firoe,S. Burke,C.S. (2002), EmergingThemesinDistanceLearningResearchandPractice:someFoodforThought,PresentedattheAnnualConferenceofSocietyforIndustrialandtheOrganizationalPsychology,Toronto.Tannenbaum,A. (2002), TheStrategicViewofOrganizationalTrainingandLearningCreatingorImplementingorManagingtheEffectiveTrainingandtheDevelopment,Jossey-Bass,SanFrancisco,CA,p.10-52.Rogers,N. Becker,S. (2001), FromTrainingEnhancementtoOrganizationalLearning:AMigrationofDistanceLearningatanAmericanRedCrossSustainingDistanceTraining:AnIntegratingLearningTechnologiesintotheFabricoftheEnterprise,Jossey-Bass,SanFrancisco,p.329-47.

Essay on Capitalism, Crisis, and Class The United States Economy after the 2008Essay Writing Service

Essay on Capitalism, Crisis, and Class The United States Economy after the 2008Essay Writing Service Essay on Capitalism, Crisis, and Class: The United States Economy after the 2008 Essay on Capitalism, Crisis, and Class: The United States Economy after the 2008Theory confirmed by practice says that in a healthy economy prices must rise – thus, consumers will have a permanent incentive not to postpone the purchase of durable goods, and manufacturers – the investments in hardware upgrades. Experience has shown that the optimal inflation rate is less than 2 percent a year. So there is nothing surprising in the fact that in a situation when inflation in Germany, Europe’s largest economy, dropped to 0.8%, the average figure in the eurozone fell to 0.3%, and in Spain the price growth made minus 0.5%, the ECB rang the alarm.However, it is not only the eurozone countries that are facing the fall in the general price level. Moreover, the situation that has emerged in the European market could trigger house of cards effect in all partner countries. We believe that today we should mark the growing danger of further reduction of inflation or deflation rise worldwide in the next two tears.Analyzing the risk of emerging deflationDescribing current economic variables, it should be marked that the greatest concern is the fact that the growth of consumer prices in the euro area fell to 0.3% in September from 0.4% in August and July, from 0.5% in June and May and 0.7% in April. In September, in Italy there was a decline in prices of 0.2% for the second month in a row, while the Spanish economy in recent months has already slipped into deflation (National Institute Economic Review, 2014; Figure 1). Many other factors are also showing a decrease in economic growth in the world, in particular (basing on studies by National Institute Economic Review, 2014; Dufour Orhangazi, 2014; Pesek, 2014):Export from Germany, Europe’s largest economy, in August 2014 fell sharply against the falling demand in the world, which has caused concern that the euro zone economy may slip into recession for the third time in the last six years.In China, the high level of corporate debt, unstable real estate market and excessive production capacity indicate that Beijing may not achieve the target growth rate of 7.5%.Japan’s economy in recent years has not managed to come out of stagnation with the government raising sales tax this year, and the growth of consumption and industrial production declining.Developing countries, such as South Africa and Brazil, have also begun to experience economic difficulties, mainly related to the decrease in the purchasing power of partners.Inflation in India and Iran has declined sharply.The situation is complicated by the fact that in the face of the falling inflation, consumers postpone major purchases and manufacturers investments, based on the expectations that the required goods will eventually fall in price even more. The drop in demand leads to the reduction of production of these goods, and the extra workers are laid off. Rising unemployment in turn leads to a further drop in demand and prices, which reinforces the restraint of consumers and investors (Krugman, 2009). It is extremely difficult to get out of this spiral, much more difficult than to get out of an inflationary spiral. After all, the verified means of combating inflation is increasing the interest rates by the central bank. The more expensive the loans and the higher the rates on bank deposits, the less money is thrown into the economy: manufacturers postpone investments, and consumers prefer to increase savings rather than spend them in stores. And theoretically, the central bank can raise the basic rate endlessly, but it cannot reduce the basic rate below zero (Meltzer, 2009). By now, the central banks have lowered interest rates to a record low level making nominal 0.15%, as well as offered commercial banks the target long-term refinancing operations (TLTRO) and confirmed their intention of large-scale purchases of government bonds to recover from the financial crisis of 2008-2009 (Dufour Orhan gazi, 2014). As a result, the politicians now have less tools to stimulate sustainable growth of the world economy.In addition, low inflation cannot be fully explained by temporary factors such as the Ukrainian crisis, sanctions against Russia, and the Middle East events. On the contrary, it reflects the profound weakness of the economy with low demand, significant decline in production, high unemployment and debt burden, as well as weak economic growth prospects. Here, we should agree with Pesek (2014) that the declined banks’ balance sheets, falling asset prices, unfavorable demographic situation and the lack of decisive action by the regulator in many developed economies today also allow comparing this situation with Japan of 1991.Thus, assuming that deflation eventually comes and continues for some time, this could lead to its further deepening. This, in turn, will complicate getting out of the price decline due to the dynamics of real interest rates, growth in the real d ebt burden, expectations of further fall in prices for businesses and consumers, deferred expenses, new fall in asset prices and increase in the number of loan defaults (Meltzer, 2009). Following this â€Å"shocking† scenario, inflation rate in the euro area could fall to -1% in 2015 and 2016, and then be able to rise to 0% (consumer price inflation in Japan has been 0% since 1995 (Pesek, 2014)). GDP growth will drop to 0% in 2015 and 2016, and later grow to around 1% (in Japan, it averaged 0.9% over the 1995-2013 period (Pesek, 2014)). Unemployment will rise to 12%. Interest rates will remain unchanged and record low, and the yield on 10-year bonds will be at the level of 1%. We can also expect a fall in asset prices and collateral values.ConclusionThe recent volatility in financial markets, slow rates of world economic growth, decline in consumer prices and other factors only increase the concern that the risk of deflation in the global economy rises. If the prices drop low enough and hold at this level long enough, the economy could slip into recession around the world following the crisis already covering the strongest economies in the Eurozone (Krugman, 2009).In general, over the next year the economy of the entire planet will likely be determined by external factors, and if the ECB starts to pour in liquidity, we will see positive changes on the horizon of 6-12 months. If everything narrows to half-measures, the timing of economic recovery will delay, inflation rates in the euro area may fall to -1% in 2015 and 2016, and provoke setting of threshold values in a number of partner countries (National Institute Economic Review, 2014). The today’s risk of deflation is a risk of a significant slowdown in the business activity with a consequent reduction in GDP growth down to zero marks or even lower.

Surveying and the Role of the Surveyor

Surveying and the Role of the Surveyor In its broadest sense, the term surveying encompasses all activities that measure and record information about the physical world and the environment. The term is often used interchangeably with geomatics which is the science of determining the position of points on, above or below the surface of the earth. Humans have been undertaking surveying activities throughout recorded history. The oldest records indicate that the science began in Egypt. In 1400 BCE, Sesostris divided the land into plots so taxes could be collected. The Romans also made significant developments in the field with surveying a necessary activity in their extensive building works across the empire. The next period of major advancement was the 18th and 19th centuries. European countries needed to accurately map their land and its boundaries, often for military purposes. The UK national mapping agency, the Ordnance Survey was established at this time and used triangulation from a single baseline in the south of England to map the entire country. In the United States, the Coast Survey was established in 1807 with the remit of surveying the coastline and creating nautical charts in order to improve maritime safety. Surveying has progressed rapidly in recent years. Increased development and the need for precise land divisions, as well as the role of mapping for military requirements, have led to many improvements in instrumentation and methods. One of the most recent advances is that of satellite surveying or Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), more commonly known as GPS. Many of us are familiar with using sat-nav systems to help us find our way to a new place, but the GPS system also has a wide range of other uses. Originally developed in 1973 by the US military, the GPS network uses 24 satellites at an orbit of 20,200 km to provide positioning and navigation services for a range of applications such as air and sea navigation, leisure applications, emergency assistance, precision timing, and providing coordinate information when surveying. The advances in air, space, and ground-based surveying techniques are in part due to the great increase in computer processing and storage capacity that we have seen over recent years. We can now collect and store vast amounts of data on the measurement of the earth and use this to build new structures, monitor natural resources and help develop new planning and policy guidelines. Types of Surveying Cadastral Land Surveys: These are related to land surveys and are concerned with establishing, locating, defining or describing the legal boundaries of land parcels, often for the purpose of taxation. Topographic Surveys: The measurement of land elevation, often with the purpose of creating contour or topographic maps. Geodetic Surveys: Geodetic surveys locate the position of objects on the earth in relation to each other, taking into account the size, shape, and gravity of the earth. These three properties vary depending on where on the earths surface you are and changes need to be taken into account if you wish to survey large areas or long lines. Geodetic surveys also provide very precise coordinates that can be used as the control values for other types of surveying. Engineering Surveying: Often referred to as construction surveying, engineering surveying involves the geometric design of engineering project, setting out the boundaries of features such as buildings, roads, and pipelines. Deformation Surveying: These surveys are intended to ascertain whether a building or object is moving. The positions of specific points on the area of interest are determined and then re-measured after a certain amount of time. Hydrographic Surveying: This type of surveying is concerned with the physical features of rivers, lakes and oceans. The surveys equipment is on board a moving vessel with follows pre-determined tracks to ensure the entire area is covered. The data obtained are used to create navigational charts, determine depth and measure tide currents. Hydrographic surveying is also used for underwater construction projects such as the laying of oil pipelines. Working as a Surveyor At present, the UK suffers from a shortage of qualified land / geomatics surveyors and many organizations have struggled to recruit over recent years. In the UK, a graduate surveyors starting salary usually ranges between  £16,000 and  £20,000. This can rise to  £27,000 -  £34,000 ($42,000-$54,000) once chartered status is achieved. Chartered status is gained from either the Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors or the Chartered Institute of Civil Engineering Surveyors. A Masters degree is useful but not essential. Postgraduate qualifications also allow the opportunity to specialise in a specific area of the industry such as geodetic surveying or geographical information science. Entry to the industry with a foundation degree or Higher National Diploma is possible at lower levels such as assistant surveyor or in a related technician role.

How does the electronic medium require different tactics for effective Essay

How does the electronic medium require different tactics for effective marketing communications - Essay Example Electronic marketing establishes new avenues for junior businesses favouring them since only a modest budgeting is required to ensure that access to possible customers is made easier. Compared to any other form of marketing, e-marketing has a wider scope, enabling the marketers to interact with consumers in extensive range of manner. (Phelps et al., 2004) E-marketing offers an opportunity to provide quality and adequate information on a variety of services and products of a company or a business enterprise. Besides offering product and service information e-marketing elaborates on management, public relations, sales and customer care. Furthermore, e-marketing facilities exchange of information directly between customers and companies. This can be seen as two way communication system that enhances quality improvement through customer feedback and evaluation. E-marketing has an impressive degree of immediacy, it takes only a few minutes to express interest of purchase through simple step of clicking button to make an order or book a ticket. In other words electronic marketing is in operation all day the whole week and throughout year. There is little time difference between posting information about a product and consumers expressing interest of purchase (Phelps et al., 2004). Electronic marketing has proven to be effective and a good marketing strategy since many people has access to internet today than before. Electronic medium requires a number of tactics to enhance effective marketing communication (Martin, 2010). In order to realize the goal of electronic marketing which is having access to a larger number of customers in the shortest time possible as well as initiating difficult free business transactions, there are several tactics of marketing employed. Search engine marketing is one of the most frequently used electronic marketing. These search engines include

Review article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Review - Article Example Consequently, the authors show how circadian rhythm is produced by the donor tissue and not a consequence of spontaneous recovery of function. The title, a diffusible coupling signal from transplanted superchiasmatic nucleus controlling circadian locomotor rhythms, is adequate in describing the content of the article. It contains the entire content that is discussed in the article. From the article, the authors’ goal is to show that transplanted SCN can sustain circadian activity rhythms by diffusible signal means. The fact that transplant of SCN restore circadian activity rhythms to ablated animal SCN has motivated the research and discussion in the paper. The other factor is that coupling nature of signals from grafted SCN is unknown and presumed that re-establishment of appropriate synaptic connection is required in functional recovery. In conclusion, the findings showed that neural afferents are essential for circadian rhythmicity. Additionally, it shows how circadian rhythm of SCN can be relayed to targets. Further, the results demonstrate that diffusible signal is sufficient to rhythmicity restoration. The finding in the paper is significant as it demonstrate how diffusible signal is sufficient in rhythmicity